![]() LV hypertrophy was defined as LVMI > 115 g/m 2 in men and LVMI > 95 g/m 2 in women. The RWT was calculated using the formula (2 × diastolic PWT)/LVEDD and was considered to be increased if the result was >0.42. The LV mass was calculated using the linear method and indexed to the body surface area as the LV mass index (LVMI). The structural indices assessed on echocardiography included the left ventricular (LV) thickness (interventricular septal wall thickness (IVS), posterior wall thickness (PWT), and relative wall thickness (RWT)), LV size (LV end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD)), LV systolic function (LV ejection fraction (LVEF)), and LV diastolic function (early mitral inflow peak velocity (E), early mitral annulus TDI velocity (e’), peak velocity flow in the early to late diastole (E/A)). Study PopulationĮchocardiography was performed by the same team of trained cardiac ultrasound doctors at Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital for all the patients at the time of admission using Philips EPIQ5. Therefore, we design this study to systematically examine the associations of renal function with LV structure and systolic diastolic function in high-risk CVD patients. Few studies have investigated the associations between the cardiac profile and renal function in patients at high risk of HF or cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, some studies demonstrated inconsistently negative associations between renal function and LV structure and function among the general population or CKD patients. Previous studies indicated that in the general population or patients with CKD, poor renal function was associated with abnormal LV structure and dysfunction. The changes in heart structure and function are the key pathophysiological elements of heart failure, which may meanwhile underlie the renal pathology, based on interactions through the sympathetic signaling changing of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS). Prior studies and guidelines suggest that renal function insufficiency is one of the most important risk factors for the progression and poorer prognosis of HF. The results may have implications for the pathophysiology behind cardiorenal syndrome. In addition, the presence or absence of CAD did not change the associations. Conclusions: Among patients at high risk of CVD, poor renal function was strongly associated with cardiac structural and functional abnormalities. In addition, a per one unit decrease in eGFR was associated with a 2% heightened combined risk of LV hypertrophy and systolic and diastolic dysfunction. ![]() This reduction in renal function was also significantly associated with LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction (all P for trend <0.001). The prevalence of LV hypertrophy assessed by echocardiography was 29.0%, 34.8%, 51.9%, 66.7%, and 74.3% for the eGFR categories >90, 61–90, 31–60, 16–30, and ≤15 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 or for patients needing dialysis, respectively. ![]() ![]() Results: A total of 5610 patients (mean age: 61.6 ± 10.6 years 27.3% female) were included in the final analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations of eGFR with LV hypertrophy and LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Our outcomes were LV hypertrophy and LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Patients were divided into five groups according to their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Methods: Patients undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary interventions were enrolled from the Cardiorenal ImprovemeNt II (CIN-II) cohort study, and their echocardiography and renal function were assessed at admission. However, few studies have adequately evaluated the associations of renal function and left ventricular (LV) structure and function in patients at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Background: The identification of asymptomatic structural and functional cardiac abnormalities can help us to recognize early and intervene in patients at pre-heart failure (HF). ![]()
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